Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-TIG (DC) ne-TIG (AC)?

Ukushisela okuqondile kwamanje kwe-TIG (DC) yilapho okwamanje kugeleza ohlangothini olulodwa kuphela.Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-AC (Alternating Current) welding ye-TIG owamanje uma ugeleza ngeke uye ku-zero kuze kuphele ukushisela.Ngokuvamile ama-inverter e-TIG azokwazi ukushisela i-DC noma i-AC/DC ngemishini embalwa kakhulu eyi-AC kuphela.

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I-DC isetshenziselwa ukushisela i-TIG Mild Steel/Stainless material kanti i-AC izosetshenziselwa ukushisela i-Aluminium.

I-polarity

Inqubo ye-TIG yokushisela inezinketho ezintathu ze-welding yamanje ngokusekelwe kuhlobo lokuxhuma.Indlela ngayinye yokuxhuma inezinzuzo kanye nokubi.

I-Direct Current – ​​Electrode Negative (DCEN)

Le ndlela yokushisela ingasetshenziswa ezinhlobonhlobo zezinto.I-TIG welding torch ixhunywe ekuphumeni okungalungile kwe-inverter ye-welding kanye nekhebula lokubuyisela umsebenzi ekuphumeni okuhle.

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Lapho i-arc isungulwa ukugeleza kwamanje kumjikelezo futhi ukusatshalaliswa kokushisa ku-arc kuzungeze u-33% ohlangothini olubi lwe-arc (ithoshi lokushisela) kanye no-67% ohlangothini oluhle lwe-arc (ucezu lomsebenzi).

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Le bhalansi inikeza ukungena okujulile kwe-arc kwe-arc endaweni yokusebenza futhi inciphisa ukushisa ku-electrode.

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Lokhu kushisa okuncishisiwe ku-electrode kuvumela okwamanje okwengeziwe ukuthi kuphathwe ama-electrode amancane uma kuqhathaniswa nokunye ukuxhumana kwe-polarity.Le ndlela yokuxhuma ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-polarity eqondile futhi iwuxhumano oluvame kakhulu olusetshenziswa ku-DC welding.

I-Direct Current – ​​Electrode Positive (DCEP)

Uma i-welding kule modi i-TIG welding torch ixhunywe ekuphumeni okuhle kwe-inverter ye-welding kanye nekhebula lokubuyisela umsebenzi ekuphumeni okungalungile.

Lapho i-arc isungulwa ukugeleza kwamanje kumjikelezo futhi ukusatshalaliswa kokushisa ku-arc kuzungeze u-33% ohlangothini olubi lwe-arc (ucezu lomsebenzi) kanye no-67% ohlangothini oluhle lwe-arc (ithoshi lokushisela).

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Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-electrode ingaphansi kwamazinga okushisa aphakeme kakhulu ngakho-ke kufanele ibe nkulu kakhulu kunemodi ye-DCEN ngisho nalapho yamanje iphansi ngokuqhathaniswa ukuze ivimbele ukushisisa noma ukuncibilika kwe-electrode.Isiqephu somsebenzi singaphansi kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi ukuze ukungena kwe-weld kuzobe kungashoni.

 

Le ndlela yokuxhumana ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-reverse polarity.

Futhi, ngale modi imiphumela yamandla kazibuthe ingaholela ekungazinzini kanye nento eyaziwa ngokuthi i-arc blow lapho i-arc ingazulazula phakathi kwezinto ezizoshiselwa.Lokhu kungenzeka futhi kumodi ye-DCEN kodwa kuvame kakhulu kumodi ye-DCEP.

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Kungase kubuzwe ukuthi isetshenziswani le modi uma i-welding.Isizathu siwukuthi ezinye izinto ezingezona ayoni njenge-aluminium ekuchayekeni okuvamile emkhathini zakha i-oxide phezulu.Le oxide idalwe ngenxa yokusabela komoyampilo emoyeni kanye nezinto ezifana nokugqwala ensimbi.Nokho le oxide iqinile kakhulu futhi inephuzu lokuncibilika eliphakeme kunento eyisisekelo yangempela ngakho-ke kufanele isuswe ngaphambi kokuba kushiselwe.

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I-oxide ingase isuswe ngokugaya, ukuxubha noma ukuhlanzwa ngamakhemikhali kodwa ngokushesha nje lapho inqubo yokuhlanza iphela i-oxide iqala ukubumbeka futhi.Ngakho-ke, kufanele ihlanzwe ngesikhathi sokushisela.Lo mphumela uyenzeka uma i-current igeleza kumodi ye-DCEP lapho ukugeleza kwe-electron kuzophuka futhi kukhiphe i-oxide.Ngakho-ke kungacatshangwa ukuthi i-DCEP izoba imodi ekahle yokushisela lezi zinto ngalolu hlobo lwe-oxide coating.Ngeshwa ngenxa yokuchayeka kwe-electrode emazingeni okushisa aphezulu kule modi usayizi wama-electrodes kufanele ube mkhulu futhi ukungena kwe-arc kuzoba kuncane.

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Isixazululo salezi zinhlobo zezinto kungaba i-arc ejulile yokungena yemodi ye-DCEN kanye nokuhlanzwa kwemodi ye-DCEP.Ukuthola lezi zinzuzo Imodi yokushisela ye-AC isetshenziswa.

I-Alternating Current (AC) Welding

Uma i-welding ikwimodi ye-AC i-current ehlinzekwa yi-inverter yokushisela isebenza ngezinto ezinhle nezingezinhle noma imijikelezo enguhhafu.Lokhu kusho ukuthi imanje igeleza ngendlela eyodwa bese kuthi enye igeleze ngezikhathi ezihlukene ukuze kusetshenziswe igama elithi i-alternating current.Inhlanganisela yento eyodwa ephozithivu kanye nenye enegethivu ibizwa ngokuthi umjikelezo owodwa.

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Inombolo yezikhathi lapho umjikelezo uqedwa phakathi kwesekhondi elilodwa ibizwa ngokuthi i-frequency.E-UK imvamisa yokushintshana kwamanje okunikezwa yinethiwekhi ye-mains imijikelezo engama-50 ngomzuzwana futhi ichazwa njenge-50 Hertz (Hz)

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Lokhu kungasho ukuthi yamanje ishintsha izikhathi eziyi-100 umzuzwana ngamunye.Inombolo yemijikelezo ngesekhondi (imvamisa) emshinini ojwayelekile inqunywa imvamisa ye-mains ethi e-UK ingu-50Hz.

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Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi njengoba imvamisa ikhula imiphumela kazibuthe iyanda futhi izinto ezinjengama-transformer ziya ngokuya zisebenza kahle.Futhi ukwandisa imvamisa ye-welding current kuqinisa i-arc, kuthuthukisa ukuzinza kwe-arc futhi kuholela esimweni sokushisela esilawulekayo.
Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuyithiyori njengoba lapho i-welding kwimodi ye-TIG kukhona amanye amathonya ku-arc.

Igagasi le-AC sine lingathinteka ukumbozwa kwe-oxide kwezinye izinto ezisebenza njengesilungisi esikhawulela ukugeleza kwe-electron.Lokhu kwaziwa ngokuthi ukulungiswa kwe-arc futhi umphumela wako udala ukuthi umjikelezo oqondile unqanyulwe noma uhlanekezelwe.Umphumela we-weld zone yizimo ze-arc ezingajwayelekile, ukuntuleka kwesenzo sokuhlanza kanye nokulimala okungenzeka kwe-tungsten.

Ukulungiswa kwe-arc yomjikelezo wesigamu esihle

Alternating Current (AC) Waveforms

I-Sine Wave

Igagasi le-sinusoidal liqukethe isici esihle esakha sifike kubukhulu baso ukusuka kuziro ngaphambi kokubuyela kuqanda (okuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi igquma).

Njengoba inqamula uziro futhi indlela yamanje ishintsha indlela eya enani layo eliphezulu elinegethivu ngaphambi kwalokho ikhuphukele kuqanda (okuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi isigodi) umjikelezo owodwa uyaqedwa.

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Abaningi besitayela esidala se-TIG amashisela bekuyimishini yohlobo lwe-sine wave kuphela.Ngokuthuthukiswa kwama-inverter wesimanje wokushisela ngezinto zikagesi eziya ngokuya ziba sezingeni eliphezulu kwaba nentuthuko ekulawuleni nasekubunjweni kwe-AC waveform esetshenziselwa ukushisela.

Igagasi lesikwele

Ngokuthuthukiswa kwama-inverter welding we-AC/DC TIG ukuze afake ama-elekthronikhi amaningi kwasungulwa isizukulwane semishini yamagagasi ayisikwele.Ngenxa yalezi zilawuli ze-elekthronikhi ukuwela usuka kokuphozithivu kuye kokubi futhi okuphambene kungenziwa cishe ngokuphazima kweso okuholela ekusebenzeni kwamandla kakhudlwana kumjikelezo ngamunye wesigamu ngenxa yesikhathi eside kakhulu.

 

Ukusetshenziswa ngempumelelo kwamandla kazibuthe agciniwe kudala amagagasi aseduze kakhulu nesikwele.Izilawuli zemithombo yamandla kagesi yokuqala zivumele ukulawulwa 'kwegagasi lesikwele'.Uhlelo luzovumela ukulawulwa komjikelezo omuhle (wokuhlanza) kanye nonegethivu (wokungena) wesigamu.

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Isimo sebhalansi singalingana + imijikelezo eqondile nebi enikeza isimo sokushisela esizinzile.

Izinkinga ezingase zihlangabezane nazo ukuthi uma ukuhlanza sekwenzekile esikhathini esingaphansi kwesigamu esihle somjikelezo wesigamu ke omunye umjikelezo omuhle wesigamu awukhiqizi futhi ungandisa umonakalo ongase ube khona ku-electrode ngenxa yokushisa ngokweqile.Kodwa-ke, lolu hlobo lomshini luzoba nokulawula ibhalansi okuvumela isikhathi somjikelezo omuhle wesigamu ukuthi sihluke phakathi nesikhathi somjikelezo.

 

Ukungena Okuphezulu

Lokhu kungafezwa ngokubeka ukulawula endaweni okuzokwenza ukuthi isikhathi esiningi sisetshenziswe kumjikelezo wesigamu esinegethivu mayelana nomjikelezo wengxenye ephozithivu.Lokhu kuzovumela ukusetshenziswa kwamanje okuphezulu ngama-electrode amancane njengokuningi

Ukushisa kukuphozithivu (umsebenzi).Ukwanda kokushisa nakho kuholela ekungeneni okujulile lapho i-welding ngesivinini sokuhamba esifanayo nesimo esilinganiselwe.
Indawo ethintekile ekushiseni kanye nokuhlanekezela okuncane ngenxa ye-arc ewumngcingo.

 

Ukuhlanza Okuphezulu

​Lokhu kungafezwa ngokubeka ukulawula endaweni ezokwenza ukuthi isikhathi esengeziwe sisetshenziswe kumjikelezo wesigamu esihle ngokuphathelene nomjikelezo wesigamu esinegethivu.Lokhu kuzovumela ukusetshenziswa kwamanje kokuhlanza okusebenzayo kakhulu.Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi kunesikhathi esihle sokuhlanza emva kwalokho ukuhlanza okwengeziwe kungeke kwenzeke futhi amandla okulimala kwe-electrode makhulu.Umthelela ku-arc ukuhlinzeka ngedamu lokushisela elihlanzekile elibanzi elinokungena okungashoni.